Психологічне забезпечення правоохоронної діяльності
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Item Психологічна допомога під час переживання горя вдовами працівників правоохоронних органів.Psychological Assistence in Grief Going Throuth by Law Enforcement Officers’ Widows(2016) Рибик, Лариса АнатоліївнаРозглянуто психоемоційний стан жінок, чоловіки яких загинули під час бойових дій або виконання службових обов’язків. Запропоновано методики групової психокорекції. Аргументовано необхідність надання психологічної допомоги цим особам незалежно від строку вдівства.Рассмотрено психоэмоциональное состояние женщин, мужья которых погибли во время боевых действий или при исполнении служебного долга. Предложены методики групповой психокоррекции. Аргументирована необходимость оказания психологической помощи данным лицам, несмотря на срок вдовства.In the article it is examined the psychological state of women the husbands of which perished during battle actions or executing an official debt. The methods of group psychological correction are proposed. The necessity of psychological help is confirmed, without regard to the term of widowhood. A lot of women presently are in a state of grief of irreparable bereavement of loved one. It is stressed itself. Taking into account the level of stress in nowadays society, the mental condition of widows even deepens. In this connection we made attempt to analyze the psychological features of grieving. It is known that work with grieving is a process which includes multilevel psychological changes. New psychological reality is formed for the personality, and it influences on psychological adaptation in new, often cardinally changed terms of existence. As grief is a natural process, so a personality goes through it without a professional help in most cases. But sometimes the process of grieving can be transformed in development of illness: a personality «sticks» on the certain stage of bereavement syndrome. It is also to be noted that the principal reason of the pathological, complicated grief are: sudden, tragic death of loved person and situations of uncertainly (lost in action, not buried). On the moment 17 women take part in the research. Age of participants is from 27 to 60 years. The first group (7 women), husbands of which perished more than three years ago, taking into account Afghan War veterans. The second group (10 women) has a term of widowhood up to three years. On this stage the observation of two groups of women allows to make such conclusions: There is some negative influence of a general stress level in society to the psychological state of women, which can result in the appearance of interpersonal deficits. One of major aspects there is an absence of emotional comfort and protracted period of adaptation. In addition, there is a high level of social avoidance among women. The methods of group therapy confirmed the value of creativity as helping factor to improve self-acceptance and emotional comfort. The development of maladaptive manifestation in the self-acceptance and acceptance of others was traced through healing letters. This method can detect violations of individual psychological comfort and promptly conduct a correction.Item Технології розвитку індивідуально-психологічних рис психолога пенітенціарних установ.The Technologies of Personal Psychological Traits Development of Psychologists at Penitentiary Institutions(2016) Стріха, Сергій ВолодимировичДосліджено питання щодо створення технологій розвитку особистісних якостей психологів пенітенціарних установ. Доведено, що розвиток індивідуальних психологічних рис зазначених осіб передбачає визначення домінуючих ознак, які суттєво впливають на ефективність професійної діяльності.Исследованы вопросы создания технологий развития личностных качеств психологов пенитенциарных учреждений. Доказано, что развитие индивидуальных психологических черт данных лиц предусматривает определение доминирующих признаков, которые существенно влияют на эффективность профессиональной деятельности.The paper is devoted to the issues of creating technologies to develop personal psychological traits of penitentiary institutions psychologists. These traits are the necessary conditions for the effective performance of their functional activity. The main purpose of this paper is to identify technologies to develop individual psychological traits of psychologists of penitentiary institutions. The development of individual psychological traits of psychologists of penitentiary institutions provides the definition of dominant traits that affect the efficiency of the professional activity significantly. The main attention is paid to the description of these psychological techniques, such as autogenous and ideomotor training, consulting and training work for the formation of self-confidence and, consequently, professional activity. Autogenic training is conducted to enable the respondents regarding the relaxation of tension both physical and psychological ability to learn how to regulate their own mental state before and during the performance of functional tasks. Psychological counseling is considered the main type of psychological practice and put forward itself the following objectives: respondent to provide operational assistance in solving internal problems; to provide assistance in resolving the issues without interference from the consultant. Such problem was the problem of time management – optimal for a regime of work and rest, rational allocation of time between different activities; Ideomotor training aimed at working out mental right action when performing tasks in difficult and complicated conditions occupational functioning. The main aim was the formation of ideomotor training models of dynamic stereotypes correct action. The method does not only mentally, but also gradually and visually perform the right action in the performance of functional tasks of consolidating stereotypes on the conscious level. Shaping stereotypes person action establishes a conditioned reflex that can actualize in certain situations causing accuracy action. The dynamics of stereotypes was in order to enable the respondent to choose the correct action under certain conditions. The training program encompassed five trainings, 8 astronomical hours each. Training was conducted by two coaches that carried content-search work with respondents correcting their actions and recording various stylistic behaviors of respondents. The purpose of the first workshop is to determine the content and nature of the problems of self-confidence, insecurity, aggression and evasion address the situations that arise. At the second workshop was to define the characteristics of different behaviors of others, compared with their behaviors seen and identify those attributes that impede confident behavior training participants. The purpose of the third training was the positive rethinking behavior in complex situations and forming the right model confident behavior of the training. The purpose of the fourth training was practical working right action while overcoming difficult professional situations. The confident behavior has several characteristics that distinguish it from other behaviors. In role-playing games, each respondent was able to play the situation by using different styles of behavior. The main task for all participants of the training was to determine and fix the conditions and characteristics using different behaviors. Thus, each participant of the training was to determine the behavior of other participants during the role-playing games (performance related tasks) and fix what features offered above behaviors were seen in the behavior of people. The purpose of the fifth, the last training cycle of general training session was to study experience processing behavior and create individual, for each participant training programs to improve the style of confident behavior in dealing with difficult situations. The trainings included cognitive, emotional, instrumental and regulatory components. The main areas of training are definition and coordination of understanding the meaning of concepts of confident, insecure, aggressive behavior and avoidance of behavior problems that arise. Based on respondents’ awareness and definition of the concepts, it had been possible to consider the situation that arose during the performance of functional duties by psychologists of penitentiary institutions. Thus fixing complications arising from the implementation of appropriate models of behavior psychologists, it had been possible to define confident and determined behavior of the respondents. Based on the training the overall conclusion that the successful work of trainees completed the discussion of individual program. Based on the training it had been possible to come to the conclusion that the successful work of trainees has to be completed in discussion of individual program. The technologies, which are used in our research, give us opportunity to show a positive dynamics of changing individual psychological traits of psychologists of penitentiary institutions that significantly affect the performance of professional functions.Item Професійне спілкування патрульних поліцейських із різними категоріями громадян.Professional Communication of Patrol Officer with Various Categories of Citizens(2016) Литвин, Вікторія ВікторівнаВисвітлено ключові правила комунікативної стратегії патрульного поліцейського. Сформульовано основні положення, на яких повинна ґрунтуватись мовна поведінка патрульного поліцейського під час виконання ним службових обов’язків.Освещены ключевые правила коммуникативной стратегии патрульного полицейского. Сформулированы основные положения, на которых должно основываться речевое поведение патрульного полицейского в процессе выполнения ним служебных обязанностей.The article highlights the key rules of the communicative strategies of patrol policeman. The basic provisions are based on the behavior of patrol officer scope, of verbal behavior during operating of his official duties. In the process of reforming of law enforcement agencies we could see the rise of the value of patrol police officer professional competence, namely the culture of their professional communication. Cultural mutual relationship of patrol police officer includes politeness, correctness, accuracy and tact. Patrol officer speech culture serves as an indicator of his training, compliance or noncompliance with the position, and in general the ability to work with people. Subject of patrol police determines the rules of communication in the professional activity is one of the most important in police patrol training. It consists of two components: a communication culture within the service staff and norms of policemen communication with the public in different situations. The article analyzes the patrol police officers performing of professional cultural etiquette rules. Currently, work is carried out to form a new positive image of police, to improve their professional skills and readiness for professional dialogue. The effectiveness of patrol police tasks depends on the specific knowledge and patterns of professional communication, the ability to establish psychological contact and to receive important information about the imminent crimes. Communicative component of law enforcement activities is the most actual for most branches of law enforcement activities. The patrol police officers has to master speech to qualified dialogue (which is to lead, not to take part in it), feel confident in different communicative situations. Patrol policeman must be able to establish psychological contact with any citizen. An integral part of law enforcement professional communication with people is some formalization of such communication by various legal documents (statutes, orders, etc.). The purpose and the final result of communication training of patrol police are forming by them the communicative readiness professionally competently, efficiently, accurately, clearly with a high capacity for work to perform professional function with communicative component in any difficult conditions of service that carried out through the formation and development of professionally important qualities, knowledge, skills and abilities. Law enforcement activities puts high demands to the communication skills of patrol police officers, in the first place to professionally important. Accordingly, the main training tasks are to form the above qualities, to provide conditions for further professional self-development through professional psychological knowledge, skills and abilities.Item Методичні засади дослідження емоційного інтелекту працівників правоохоронних органів.Methodological principles of study of emotional intelligence of employees of internal аffairs bodies(2016) Шелег, Л. С.Висвітлено методичні засади щодо визначення осіб, схильних до психосоматичних розладів, та результатів, отриманих під час опитування. Розкрито поняття й структуру емоційного інтелекту. Охарактеризовано методики його вивчення.Освещены методические основания определения лиц, склонных к психосоматическим расстройствам, и результатов, полученных при опросе. Раскрыты понятие и структура эмоционального интеллекта. Охарактеризованы методики его изучения.The article is devoted to methodological bases to identify of individuals, who are prone to psychosomatic disorders. The author explains that there are two significantly different profiles of the dominant emotional experiences in individuals that are prone and not prone to psychosomatic disorders. In the first case, a positive emotional state has been recorded as the view of certain professional regulation («the employee of police has to be...»), since they are unlikely at this level of negative emotions. Moreover, the desire to be (or look) of energetic, determined and confident person for the lack of appropriate personal requirements can cause personal conflict, to become an independent factor of negative dynamics of the psychosomatic status of an individual. In the second case there is a domination of positive emotions, respectively – the overall harmony of the emotional status of the person despite the presence of negative influences.Item Професійно-психологічна підготовка військовослужбовців Національної Гвардії України.Vocational and Psychological Training of Servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine(2016) Іванова, Олена В’ячеславівна; Чижевський, Сергій ОлександровичЗапропоновано проект системи професійно-психологічної підготовки військовослужбовців Національної гвардії України на різних етапах виконання службово-бойових завдань в екстремальних (бойових) умовах. Здійснено аналіз результатів дослідження наслідків воєнних дій на території інших держав, а також окремих досліджень психологів Національної гвардії України під час антитерористичної операції. Розкрито особливості впровадження в бойову та спеціальну підготовку досвіду виконання службово-бойових завдань у зоні проведення антитерористичної операції на Сході України та під час охорони громадського порядку в умовах масових заходів у столиці держави.Предложен проект системы профессионально-психологической подготовки военнослужащих Национальной гвардии Украины на разных этапах выполнения служебно-боевых задач в экстремальных (боевых) условиях. Проанализированы результаты исследований последствий военных действий на территории других государств, а также некоторых исследований психологов Национальной гвардии Украины во время антитеррористической операции. Раскрыты особенности внедрения в боевую и специальную подготовку опыта выполнения служебно-боевых задач в зоне проведения антитеррористической операции на Востоке Украины и во время охраны общественного порядка в условиях массовых мероприятий в столице государства.In the article the draft system of vocational and psychological training of servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine at different stages of service and combat missions in extreme (combat) conditions. The analysis of the research results of war in other countries and the initial research psychologists National Guard of Ukraine during anti-terrorist operations that have common conclusions. In the system of vocational and psychological training of military personnel, weighty significance is the work of psychologists at the stage of guards to perform service and combat missions. The features and the introduction of special training combat experience in service and combat missions in the zone of the antiterrorist operation in the east of Ukraine and in the protection of public order in terms of events in the nation’s capital. The increasing role of psychological factors in modern wars and local conflicts, of military service and law enforcement units demonstrated during the antiterrorist operation in the Donetsk and Lugansk regions of Ukraine. The need for a short time to improve the combat readiness of units, psychological readiness of personnel in terms of the interactions of the various categories of military personnel (fixed-term and contract services, different motivational orientation of the antiterrorist operation tasks and the like); the need for the introduction of a new combat experience in the training of personnel to implement the service tasks entrusted to the National guard of Ukraine demand change of approaches to the issues of professional psychological training of personnel, and the building of educational material resources. Combat doctrine is the basis for building effective units, but the actual events of service and combat tasks can be quite different from the scenarios of the exercises. This necessitates a system of providing service and combat readiness of servicemen in similar situations and after them, from commander to private. Flexibility and the ability to adapt is the Foundation of psychological readiness of the commander. The task of the military psychologist in the vocational training system to perform tasks of service in extreme (combat) conditions aimed at formation of readiness of the military to combat the effects of stress factors. In addition, each soldier should realize that any reaction of his body to extreme (combat) conditions is a normal reaction to abnormal circumstances, he also should have the skills of psychological first aid self-regulation of emotional state.