Психологічні проблеми роботи з делінквентами
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Item Кримінально-психологічна характеристика умисного серійного вбивці.Criminal and Psychological Characteristics of an Intentional Serial Killer(2016) Медведєв, Володимир Степанович; Левенець, Олена АнатоліївнаДосліджено проблему розкриття особи умисного серійного вбивці, що передбачає вивчення психологічних механізмів протиправної поведінки, мотивації насильницьких злочинів, її індивідуально-психологічних, соціальних та ситуативних чинників.Исследовано проблему раскрытия личности умышленного серийного убийцы, что предусматривает изучение психологических механизмов противоправного поведения, мотивации насильственных преступлений, ее индивидуально-психологических, социальных и ситуативных факторов.The article deals with the problem of criminal psychological characteristics of intentional murderer, which involves the study of psychological mechanisms of illegal behavior, motivation of violent crimes, individual psychological and social factors and situational reactions of a criminal. Generalized typology should be based on three main characteristics: motivation, modus operandi, the number of malicious attempts on the life. Important psychological and legal characteristics of a serial killer are usually the similarity of motives and methods of committing crimes. Personalities of serial killer tend to be cautious, minimize risk, usually are able to role transformation, have well-developed anticipation (the ability to foresee the consequences), self-control, imagination and fantasy. They are also good at watchful planning of criminal actions and emotional indifference towards victims. In this article, the following characteristics of serial murders are described: periodic updating of criminal aggression (the killer never stops on what he has committed on his own initiative); redundancy of criminal aggression (murder is necessarily accompanied by acts of violence, humiliating the victim); high mobility after committing the murder (killer quickly disappears from the crime scene as far as possible); singularity of victim («one episode» – «one victim»), committing of murder without co-participants (except the couples which has family or sexual relationships), absence of witnesses. Thus, in the basis of the criminal-psychological classification of personality of offender there are such characteristics as dominant personality, his motives, goals and modus operandi, the degree of antisocial personality and the character of antisocial orientation.Item Психологічний аспект процесу адаптації осіб в умовах ізоляції.sychological Aspect of Adaptation of People in Isolation(2016) Троцюк, Сергій ОлександровичВивчено соціально-психологічну адаптацію засуджених в умовах ізоляції. Визначено особливості тривання соціально-психологічної адаптації засуджених до відповідних умов. Зазначено, що перебування в місцях позбавлення волі, наявність режиму, зміна оточення й потреб, різке обмежеИзучена социально-психологическая адаптация осужденных в условиях изоляции. Определены особенности протекания социально-психологической адаптации осужденных к соответствующим условиям. Указано, что пребывание в местах лишения свободы, наличие режима, смена окружения, резкое ограничение и изменение потребностей значительно усиливает переживания осужденных, которые адаптируются к условиям социальной изоляции.This article is devoted to the study of socio-psychological adaptation of prisoners in isolation. The main objective of the study is to determine the peculiarities of socio-psychological adaptation of prisoners to relevant conditions. Stay in prisons, presence of mode, change of environment, rapid cut and change of needs greatly enhances the experience of prisoners who have adapted to the conditions of social exclusion adequate and inadequate ways. Today and always was pressing and urgent problem of socio-psychological adaptation of persons trapped in places of deprivation of liberty. After all, how successful the process will be the adaptation of convicts to new social conditions, how quickly they can learn new norms, rules of conduct in a limited society, determines their future. Considering the socio-psychological adaptation of convicted persons, it is possible to create a prediction of behavior in such an environment, and also to identify the main options for the provision of professional psychological assistance to raise the fix level of a person in isolation from society. Social isolation of the individual, a powerful factor in the modification of human behavior. The psyche of each person reacts differently to this factor. Correctional institution break habitual way of life of any person, taking the individual from family, loved ones, doomed to years of heavy doomed existence. From the moment of arrival in prison, the person is going through a difficult period of adaptation to the new environment, to unusual conditions of work and life, new social environment, and the specific requirements of the regime of serving of criminal punishment, etc. Socio-psychological adaptation in the penitentiary system is the adaptation of the individual to the new conditions of life in micro society convicted that she cannot change at its discretion. Basically it is the process of adaptation to a specific team, development of a new mode of existence in accordance with the conditions in which there is person with the purpose of protection in the system of interpersonal relations and save their own internal state. The success of adaptation depends on such factors as: social isolation, emotional tension, increased influence of the social environment, a team of convicts, stress, conflicts. It therefore needs to develop measures and methods for determining the level of maladjustment of prisoners in conditions of social exclusion. This will facilitate the opportunity to return to society full member without the persistence of negative skills that have been mastered during his stay in prison.Item Моделювання процесу формування мотивації злочинної поведінки особи.Українська Русский English (UK) Legal psychology Home Become an author Contacts Issue №1 - 2014 Legal education and the learning process in higher education Theoretical and methodological problems of legal psychology and pedagogy Psychology of Law Enforcement Psychological and pedagogical problems working with delinkventamy Resume Issue №1 - 2015 Theoretical and methodological problems of juridical psychology Law education and the process of study in the higher educational establishments Psychology of law enforcement activities Psychological problems of work with delinkventamy Resume Issue №2 - 2015 Theoretical and methodological issues of legal psychology Psychological support of law enforcement Psychology of operational, investigative and judicial activities Psychological issues of work with delinquent persons Issue №1 - 2016 Theoretical and methodological issues of legal psychology Psychological support of law enforcement Law enforcement psychology and law enforcement activity Psychological issues of work with delinquent persons Issue №2 - 2016 Theoretical and methodological issues of legal psychology Psychological support of law enforcement remont-domu.ru Criminal and Psychological Characteristics of an Intentional Serial Killer Volodymyr Medvediev – Doctor of Psychology, Professor, Professor of the Department of Legal Psychology of the National Academy of Internal Affairs; Olena Levenets – Ph.D in Psychology, Professor of the Department of Legal Psychology of the National Academy of Internal Affairs The article deals with the problem of criminal psychological characteristics of intentional murderer, which involves the study of psychological mechanisms of illegal behavior, motivation of violent crimes, individual psychological and social factors and situational reactions of a criminal. Generalized typology should be based on three main characteristics: motivation, modus operandi, the number of malicious attempts on the life. Important psychological and legal characteristics of a serial killer are usually the similarity of motives and methods of committing crimes. Personalities of serial killer tend to be cautious, minimize risk, usually are able to role transformation, have well-developed anticipation (the ability to foresee the consequences), self-control, imagination and fantasy. They are also good at watchful planning of criminal actions and emotional indifference towards victims. In this article, the following characteristics of serial murders are described: periodic updating of criminal aggression (the killer never stops on what he has committed on his own initiative); redundancy of criminal aggression (murder is necessarily accompanied by acts of violence, humiliating the victim); high mobility after committing the murder (killer quickly disappears from the crime scene as far as possible); singularity of victim («one episode» – «one victim»), committing of murder without co-participants (except the couples which has family or sexual relationships), absence of witnesses. Thus, in the basis of the criminal-psychological classification of personality of offender there are such characteristics as dominant personality, his motives, goals and modus operandi, the degree of antisocial personality and the character of antisocial orientation. Keywords: personality of offender; intentional murder; serial killer; psychological structure of a crime; value orientations of offender; motivation of violent crimes. View the full article Modeling of Person’s Criminal Behavior Motivation Formation Process(2016) Корецький, Сергій МиколайовичДосліджено питання моделювання процесів формування мотиву окремої поведінкової дії та мотивації життєдіяльності. Здійснено аналіз моделі формування мотиву В. В. Лунєєва та В. М. Кудрявцева, на основі осмислення яких спочатку створено лінійно-паралельну власну графічну модель, а потім за аналогією з моделлю «рефлекторного кільця» Н. А. Бернштейна – авторську кільцеву модель формування мотиву та мотивації.Исследованы вопросы моделирования процессов формирования мотива отдельного поведенческого акта и мотивации жизнедеятельности. Осуществлен анализ модели формирования мотива В. В. Лунеева и В. Н. Кудрявцева, на основе осмысления которых сначала создана линейно-параллельная собственная графическая модель, а потом по аналогии с моделью «рефлекторного кольца» Н. А. Бернштейна – авторская кольцевая модель формирования мотива и мотивации.This article is dedicated to the modeling of particular behavior motive and life motivation formation processes. It analyzes motive formation models by V. V. Luneyev and V. M. Kudriavtsev, and on their basis it, at first, creates its own linear-parallel model, and then turns it into author’s circular motive and motivation formation model by the analogy with N. A. Bernstein’s «reflex ring» model. The significant part in this study is apportioned for the place of the system of values in motive formation process. The division of the system of values into «terminal» and «instrumental» parts, offered by Y. Rokach, allows to respectively distinguish motive formation processes for a particular interaction and life motivations, where the system of values acts as an indicator of reference. Respectively inclusion of motive ring of particular singular action as en element of bigger more complex circle lets us speak not of action motive, but of activity motivation. In this case terminal system of values acts as an indicator of reference. Bernstein has only described such second-order ring, but in none of his published works he has depicted it. The author of this article was brave enough to depict it and, as the result, he has obtained the final variation of life motivation model. This model describes only «internal» processes, that take place in the course of motive and motivation formation, and quite indirectly considers social factors, though in his text the author describes V. M. Kudriavtsev’s ideas he has adopted for this purpose. In particular V. M. Kudriavtsev in his work «Crime genesis. Experience of criminological modeling» examines correlation between lawful and unlawful ways to resolve problematic situation. He brought the results of his studies into the chart with the following correlation variants: a)there is no problematic situation; b) problematic situation exists and there is only a lawful way to resolve it; c) problematic situation exists and there is only an unlawful way to resolve it; d) problematic situation exists and there are both lawful and unlawful ways to resolve it; e) problematic situation exists and there are no ways to resolve it. The author thinks that one more variant should be added to the correlation, that «objectively problematic situation doesn’t exist, but it's being perceived as though it does», in this case we will get four variants analogical to «b», «c», «d», «e». Subjective approach to the capability of need realization can create a case when problematic situation can emerge as the result of the conflict between subjectively assessed capabilities and the reality. At the next stage after estimation of the situation, a person sets tasks aimed at need realization for itself. As an exception, a person can give up on need realization when: in the process of estimation of action aimed at need realization the person realizes that the need itself is not real, but imaginary. the person realizes that the need itself is criminal. the person realizes impossibility of lawful realization of the need. the person realizes impossibility of realization of the need in the given situation, but understands that it is possible to create a situation when the need can be realized. In this case a cycle of actions aimed at creation of such favorable situation begins to form. Taking into consideration the above mentioned the author comes to the conclusion that the task setting stage is composed of analysis of a purpose for action, and also of analysis of the way for reaching this purpose. As it was said earlier, usually, a set of ways for reaching a purpose is reflected in person’s system of values. Moreover the definition «instrumental system of values», offered by Rokach, itself indicates the existence of special part within the system that contains a set of tools for reaching the desired result.Item Роль освіти дорослих у процесі ресоціалізації засуджених.The Role of Adult Education in the Process of Resocialization(2016) Матвєєва, Юлія Олегівна; Конопацька, Ольга МиколаївнаДоведено, що освіта відіграє важливу роль для ресоціалізації осіб, які вчинили злочини, попередження рецидивної злочинності та забезпечення безпеки суспільства. Обґрунтовано, що освіта в установах виконання покарань допомагає пом’якшити режим і поліпшити умови тримання під вартою, а також є важливим засобом адаптації, повернення засуджених у суспільство.Доказано, что образование играет важную роль для ресоциализации лиц, которые совершили преступление, предупреждения рецидивной преступности и обеспечения безопасности общества. Обосновано, что образование в учреждениях исполнения наказаний помогает смягчить режим и улучшить условия содержания под стражей, а также является важным средством адаптации, возвращения осужденных в общество.In the article the education as an integral part of criminal penalties and terms of successful reintegration into society of citizens who committed crimes. Considered educational standard regarding prisoners. Education has an important role in the resocialization of persons who have committed crimes and to prevent recidivism and security of society. Education in prisons helps soften the profile and improve the conditions of detention and the fact has education in prison is an important means of adaptation, prisoners returning to society. According to Art. 6, 125, 126 CPC of Ukraine one of the main means of achieving the goal of penitentiary process-correction and resocialization of convicts – are secondary and vocational training. Each prison authorities should strive to provide all convicts access to educational programs should be as broad and meet the individual needs of prisoners, responding with their aspirations. Priority should be given to prisoners who cannot read, write and count, as well as prisoners who do not have basic education or vocational training. Education prisoners must be integrated into the national system of education and training, so that after their release they can seamlessly continue their education and training. Higher education of persons deprived of their liberty, albeit slowly, but still evolving. The difficulties of this process are associated primarily not with the social stereotypes about the «closeness» of the penitentiary institutions and not with the lack of desire of universities to teach convicts, and a lack of legal, organizational and scientific-methodical bases of the provision of such education in Ukraine. The penitentiary system of Ukraine became more open, humane and in the parameters closer to the European standards. The penitentiary system of modern Ukraine, creating for the convicted students the necessary conditions for education, is considering raising the educational level of prisoners as one of the main criteria of their correction, socialization and rehabilitation.