Техніка, зброя, транспорт та обмундирування

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    ТЕХНІЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЙОГО ПОКРАЩЕННЯ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ. TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE AND THE WAYS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT IN MODERN CONDITIONS
    (2019) Гуляєв, А.В.; Huliaiev, A.V.; Диких, О.В.; Dykykh, O.V.; Кисіль, М.В.; Kysil, M.V.
    The article deals with the organization and implementation of technical equipment of the National Police of Ukraine in modern conditions. The main problems that have arisen at present are identified and need to be solved. One of the principal ways of maintaining the necessary level of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, combating crime, maintaining public order and public safety in Ukraine is the technical equipment of the National Police of Ukraine with modern models of special equipment and vehicles using the unique innovative potential of the industrial complex of Ukraine. Effective use of developments in the field of creation of special and specialized equipment and vehicles for the technical equipment of the National Police of Ukraine is possible only with targeted state support and the introduction of incentive mechanisms, including: an adequate state budget, the provision of concessional loans, tax incentives, customs privileges, etc. Among the necessary conditions for effective industrial use of scientists in the field of creating special and specialized equipment and vehicles is also providing training of qualified personnel, attracting potential investors, expanding cooperation opportunities and creating appropriate networks, improving patent protection, increasing the level of innovative culture and the like. Given and classified the main problems of technical support of the National Police of Ukraine and ways to solve them, it is advisable to take into account when forming a strategy for the development of special vehicles. Based on the analysis of the technical support of the National Police of Ukraine in modern conditions and the existing scientific and methodological apparatus, it is reasonable organizational and technical recommendations aimed at improving its effectiveness.
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    ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ЖИЛЕТІВ РОЗВАНТАЖУВАЛЬНИХ ДЛЯ ІНСПЕКТОРІВ-КРИМІНАЛІСТІВ. DESIGN OF VEST UNLOADING FOR INSPECTORS-CRIMINALISTS
    (2019) Александров, М.Є.; Aleksandrov, M.Ye.; Дмитрук, В.А.; Dmytruk, V.A.
    Research article highlights the peculiarities of the design and unloading vests for inspectors-criminalists. At the moment, criminals use mainly suitcases for transportation, storage and use of technical tools of forensic examination, which have a significant mass, which, in turn, creates inconveniences in the conduct of investigative and operational activities. For the rational placement of technical and forensic tools and distribution of their weight on the human body, it is advisable to develop unloading vest of inspectors-criminalist, which will be equipped with a belt bag, the design of which will be adapted to modern technical and forensic tools. For the design of the vest and belt bags, it is advisable to investigate the dangerous harmful factors acting on criminalist during their activities, as well as the requirements for rational placement and use of technical and forensic tools. The analysis of the conditions for the activities of inspectors-criminalists, the determination of the list of dangerous harmful factors acting on a person and his equipment, events of a different nature were carried out by an analytical method, a method of observation and questioning. Development of requirements for the design of the vest and its individual elements was carried out by the methods of observation, comparison and experimentally. The scientific novelty consists in the classification compiled by the authors, regarding dangerous hazardous factors that influence the work of the inspector- criminalist, as well as in determining the minimum required set of belt bags for the placement of technical and forensic means of maiden necessity. Based on the results of the study, an experimental sample of the unloading vest was developed, as well as a set of summaries for technical and forensic means. The developed sample of the unloading vest for criminalists, besides the optimal distribution of the load of technical and forensic tools on the human body, also provides the convenience of using various types of tools, protection from contamination prevention and mechanical damage, as well as from traffic accidents during the inspection of the accident scene on the highway. With these matters cleared away, in conclusions the authors emphasize the need for experimental testing of the developed prototype example to the vest of unloading inspector-criminalist to determine further directions for its improvement.
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    ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ОСНАЩЕННЯ НАЯВНИХ ЗРАЗКІВ ВОГНЕПАЛЬНОЇ ЗБРОЇ СУЧАСНИМ ДОДАТКОВИМ ОБЛАДНАННЯМ. PROSPECTS FOR EQUIPPING FIREARMS SAMPLES WITH MODERN ADDITIONAL EQUIPMENT
    (2019) Жванко, Ю.П.; Zhvanko, Yu.P.
    Research article deals with the problems of equipping the existing samples of firearms with additional equipment, directions of increasing the combat effectiveness of automatic small arms, ways of improving the ergonomics of weapons, variants of equipping weapons in accordance with the specifics of the activities of individual units, sniper, several models of optical and optoelectronic sights, laser pointers. Priority areas for the modernization of this type of weapon have been studied in accordance with the specifics of its use and the increase in the level of professionalism of employees in the handling of weapons. The method of systematization of information by studying catalogues, sites of production associations and manufacturers of this type of small arms was applied in the work on the study. In the course of research some models of the weapon of foreign and domestic manufacture, their constructive elements, properties and tactical and technical characteristics have been studied. In the course of the scientific research, the types of additional equipment, its tactical and technical characteristics and purpose were considered and presented. Options for increasing the combat effectiveness of automatic small arms in service with the law enforcement agencies by improving it by equipping it with modern additional equipment are presented. The possibilities of equipping existing samples of automatic firearms with additional equipment and analysis of the effectiveness of their use are determined. The main design and technical and operational characteristics of the elements of additional equipment are determined on the basis of the requirements for the purpose, dimensions, service life, materials used in the design, weight, storage, operation and maintenance.
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    ТЕХНІЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ КОМПЛЕКСІВ ФОТОВІДЕОФІКСАЦІЇ ПОРУШЕНЬ ПРАВИЛ ДОРОЖНЬОГО РУХУ. TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR THE EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF PHOTO AND VIDEO FIXATION SYSTEMS FOR TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS
    (2019) Мусієнко, Д.І.; Musiienko, D.I.
    Now Ukraine is among the world leaders in the number of deaths due to road accidents along with Georgia, Russia, Armenia, India and the USA. The most effective preventive solution to improve road traffic safety is considered to be the introduction of a system of photo and video recording of traffic violations by motor vehicles. However, its implementation requires the solution of a number of problems, including technical ones, for example, the tactical technical characteristics of own equipment, data transmission channels, a comprehensive system of information protection and many others. It is important in the process of implementation of such a system to make the right decisions, it is possible only when focusing on the international experience of such work, taking into account the false steps of countries have already introduced systems of photo and video fixation and their consequences. It is important in the process of implementation of such a system to make the right decisions, it is possible only when focusing on the international experience of such work, taking into account the false steps of countries have already introduced systems of photo and video fixation and their consequences. In the article on the basis of the analysis of foreign materials, concerning functioning of systems of photo and video fixation of infringements of rules of traffic by motor vehicles a number of technical problems which arises at introduction and operation of such systems is resulted. In particular, one of the most frequent problems is the choice of the location of the photo radar complex itself (a device that measures the speed of the vehicle and captures its photo or creates a video order), and it is worth noting that such a problem arises for all types of complexes – stationary and mobile. Again, based on foreign experience, the article provides examples of solutions to these problems abroad and ways to prevent them. Recommendations are provided to ensure the maintenance of the effective functioning of such systems. First of all, these are the following errors: – the axis angle of the complex in relation to the direction of movement of vehicles is incorrectly set; – the set threshold for speed measurement does not correspond to the threshold allowed in the control zone; – the geographical coordinates of the installation of the complex do not correspond to the actual coordinates, which may lead to inaccuracy in the speed measurement; – the type of violation is fixed by the complex does not correspond to the one established for the given control zone; – the direction of movement of the vehicle is incorrectly indicated; – error in the settings of the current time of the complex; – incorrectly selected control lanes complex. In addition to these errors, there are other errors, such as the so-called “cosine effect”, where the vehicle’s speed is measured by a device that stands at some angle to the roadway. The calculations in the article show that the measured speed will be lower than it actually is, of course, in favor of the driver. To compensate for this error is introduced a certain coefficient, which is calculated by the device itself. However, the user of the device can enter the maximum value of this coefficient, but the speed measurements should be carried out with an angle value close to zero, which is already noted in the press. Thus, there are still many technical problems that need to be solved. Again, on the basis of foreign experience of introduction of similar problems in article examples of the decision of these problems abroad and ways of their prevention are resulted. Recommendations on maintenance of the service personnel by effective functioning of such systems are given.