Полімери, що біологічно розкладаються, як замінники матеріалів синтетичного походження. BIODEGRABILITY POLIMERS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR SYNTHETIC MATERIALS
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Date
2018
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Abstract
The attention is focused on the actual problem concerning the effective control of environmental pollution. It was pointed out that addressing environmental issues requires a comprehensive approach, which is implemented in particular in the National Strategy for Waste Management till 2030, which defines the general measures in the field of waste management in general and special measures in the field of management of certain types of waste. The purpose of this Strategy was to create conditions for raising the standard of living of the population by introducing a systemic and effective approach to waste management at various levels of state formation, offering methods and technologies for increasing the volume recycling for the further reuse of materials contained in waste, as well as reduction of volumes of formation of waste, especially of synthetic origin, such as polyethylene. With these matters cleared away, the paper highlights the idea of creating compositions and technologies for obtaining polymers that are capable of accelerated decomposition. And although the cost of producing traditional synthetic polymers and their products is much lower compared to the cost of polymers that are capable of accelerating the timetable, it is precisely the use of the latter to be a step in solving the problem of waste disposal. The article covers the results of research of several samples films, composite materials of accelerated decomposition containing different components in different proportions, after their containment in compost. In the studied compositions, the PEGT mark 15803-020 was chosen as a polymer matrix, starch – as the initiator of biological decomposition, cobalt stearate to initiate the photo-oxidation decomposition. The influence of microorganisms on the distribution of these polyethylene compositions is shown. According to the results of the study, a composition of a composite material (polyethylene) with a high decomposition index containing its composition, in particular concentrates of cobalt stearate, citric acid and starch was proposed. This material can become one of the effective solutions for the realization of the objectives of efficient waste management within the integrated waste management system.
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Національна стратегія управління відходами, матеріали синтетичного походження, плівки композиційного матеріалу прискореного розкладу, полімерна матриця, рецептурний склад, National Strategy for Waste Management, materials of synthetic origi, films of composite material of accelerated decomposition, polymer matrix, prescription composition