Психологічні проблеми роботи з делінквентами
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Item Диференційно-типологічні особливості осіб, які вчиняють правопорушення через необережність.Differential and typological peculiarities of persons who commit delicts through negligence(2017) Пакліна, Т. О.; Paklina, T.Розглянуто низку соціально-демографічних, криміногенних і психологічних особливостей, які характеризують особу необережного правопорушника. Проаналізовано детермінацію та зумовленість зазначеними особливостями окремих різновидів правопорушень, учинених через необережність. Акцентовано на чинниках, притаманних виключно особі правопорушника.In the article the author considers a number of social and demographic, criminogenic and psychological characteristics that distinguish the negligent perpetrator personality. Based on the scientific research, criminal statistics and jurisprudence, the determination and precondition of certain types of delicts committed through negligence and their specified features have been analyzed. Sharing the views on the unity of external (social) and internal (individual-psychological) determinants as a causal complex of the individuals’ behavior, in the article the particular attention is paid to factors peculiar solely to the offender’s personality. The author has proved that for combating crime practice, especially for the purpose of individual prevention and investigation of negligent delicts, it is very important to conduct this study, since the main object of preventive efforts is the person him/herself. The paper presents some basic scientific provisions concerning the ways and directions for fighting against crime while taking into account the psychology of a negligent offender personality.Item Особа грабіжника: характерні риси й особливості формування.The robber personality: characteristics and formation(2017) Ленська, Л. В.; Lenska, L.Проаналізовано сучасні концептуальні положення соціально-психологічного вчення про особистість злочинця. Окреслено змістовні та структурні елементи особи грабіжника. Визначено головні соціально-демографічні та морально-психологічні ознаки грабіжника. Сформульовано узагальнений соціальний образ сучасного грабіжника.The importance of the scientific research of the personality of an offender for developing certain types of prevention and suppression of crime is stated in the article. Modern scientific views on this issue have been reviewed and the conceptual provisions of social psychological theory of the personality of an offender are presented. The content and structural elements of the robber personality are outlined. The basic socio-demographic and moral and psychological traits of a robber have been analyzed. The generalized social image of an average modern robber has been created owing to this information.Item Історичні передумови формування відповідальності за сексуальне насильство.Historical Background for the Formation of Responsibility for Sexual Violence(2017) Шмерецький, Є. Є.; Shmeretsky, E.Висвітлено історичні передумови формування відповідальності за сексуальне насильство. Виокремлено та схарактеризовано п’ять періодів становлення вітчизняного кримінального законодавства в цій сфері.The article is devoted to the coverage of historical preconditions for the formation of responsibility for sexual violence. The analysis allowed to allocate five periods of the formation of domestic criminal law: the criminal law of the Russian Truth (XI–XV centuries), the criminal law of the Moscow State (XV–XVII centuries), the criminal law of the Russian Empire (XVIII – beginning of XX century) criminal law of the Soviet government (from October 1917 to December 1993), criminal law of Ukraine. Each of these periods reflects events and dates in the epicenter of which our state was formed and developed. In general, during the past centuries, the evolution of criminal norms took place in several directions: first, the very concept of «rape» was formulated and specified; and secondly, with the change in the socio-legal status of women in society there was an extended circle of subjects and victims of this crime; thirdly, the differentiation of the responsibility of criminals depending on the physical (age) and mental (helplessness, etc.) the state of the crime victim, the nature of violence, the severity of the consequences and other circumstances; fourthly, the legislator has repeatedly attempted to increase the criminal liability for rape (in particular, it concerns the Soviet period in the history of our country). The Criminal Code of Ukraine in 2004 differentiated criminal liability for violent sex offenses depending on the category of minors.