Browsing by Author "Nenia, O.V."

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    Дальність дії тепловізора та чинники, які на неї впливають. ACTION RADIUS OF THERMAL IMAGER AND FACTORS AFFECTING IT
    (2018) Неня, О.В.; Nenia, O.V.
    Several technical and optical factors, observation conditions that affect the range (detection distance of thermal radiation) of thermal grids, including military ones, which are simultaneously the main criteria for their selection, are considered. Such concepts as “detection range”, “recognition,” and “identification,” characterizing different degrees of the vision of the target (object) with a thermal imager, are highlighted. Attention is drawn to a probabilistic index – the Johnson criterion, which, although it is probabilistic, since it depends on a number of random factors, is however the most universal and widespread one. It gives a forecast of the efficiency of the thermal imaging camera for solving a specific problem in certain conditions. Among the important factors affecting the range of action of thermal imagers, the thermal transparency of the atmosphere is considered. Since thermal radiation weakens due to the absorption of gas by molecules, dust, aerosols, etc., an important component of the effective operation of thermal imagers is the so-called “transparency win- dows” – spectral ranges convenient for their work. Among the technical factors that significantly affect the range of the thermal imager, paper details the resolution of its photodetector (or matrix), the dimensions of which (the number of sensitive elements (pixels) located horizontally and vertically) determine the final image clarity. An important parameter that significantly affects the range of a thermal imager is the focal length of the objective lens (lens) of the thermal imager, collects and focuses IR radiation on the matrix in accordance with the temperature distribution of the observed object. The radius of action of the thermal imager depends on the focal length of the lens, which also affects the so- called instantaneous sector of the system overview (IFoV) – the angular resolution of the system. The value of the focal length and angular resolution are inversely proportional, which is enshrined in the paper by mathematical calculations. Speaking about the focal length of the lens, we should not forget about the sharpness of the displayed space, which depends on the lens aperture, and which characterizes the degree of attenuation by the lens (lens system) of the infrared imager from the object of observation. Paper concluded that determining the range of the thermal imager, as a function of multiple variables, requires a fairly complex simulation.
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    Полімери, що біологічно розкладаються, як замінники матеріалів синтетичного походження. BIODEGRABILITY POLIMERS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR SYNTHETIC MATERIALS
    (2018) Березненко, Н.М.; Bereznenko, N.M.; Неня, О.В.; Nenia, O.V.; Кучинський, Ю.Д.; Kuchynskyi, Yu.D.
    The attention is focused on the actual problem concerning the effective control of environmental pollution. It was pointed out that addressing environmental issues requires a comprehensive approach, which is implemented in particular in the National Strategy for Waste Management till 2030, which defines the general measures in the field of waste management in general and special measures in the field of management of certain types of waste. The purpose of this Strategy was to create conditions for raising the standard of living of the population by introducing a systemic and effective approach to waste management at various levels of state formation, offering methods and technologies for increasing the volume recycling for the further reuse of materials contained in waste, as well as reduction of volumes of formation of waste, especially of synthetic origin, such as polyethylene. With these matters cleared away, the paper highlights the idea of creating compositions and technologies for obtaining polymers that are capable of accelerated decomposition. And although the cost of producing traditional synthetic polymers and their products is much lower compared to the cost of polymers that are capable of accelerating the timetable, it is precisely the use of the latter to be a step in solving the problem of waste disposal. The article covers the results of research of several samples films, composite materials of accelerated decomposition containing different components in different proportions, after their containment in compost. In the studied compositions, the PEGT mark 15803-020 was chosen as a polymer matrix, starch – as the initiator of biological decomposition, cobalt stearate to initiate the photo-oxidation decomposition. The influence of microorganisms on the distribution of these polyethylene compositions is shown. According to the results of the study, a composition of a composite material (polyethylene) with a high decomposition index containing its composition, in particular concentrates of cobalt stearate, citric acid and starch was proposed. This material can become one of the effective solutions for the realization of the objectives of efficient waste management within the integrated waste management system.
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    Технічні характеристики та конструктивні особливості кайданків одноразового використання. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DESIGN FEATURES OF DISPOSABLE HANDCUFFS
    (2019) Березненко, Н. М.; Bereznenko, N.M.; Неня, О.В.; Nenia, O.V.; Кучинський, Ю.Д.; Kuchynskyi, Yu.D.
    A comparative analysis of disposable handcuffs in service with law enforcement agencies around the world has been conducted. The technical characteristics of disposable handcuffs are analyzed and the criteria by which they can be classified are proposed, namely, the number of created loops, the material of manufacture, and the way of wearing them. The article deals with historical aspects of handcuffs. The analysis of technical characteristics and design features of handcuffs of disposable use of foreign production is carried out, taking into account which criteria of classification of disposable handcuffs are offered. The key criteria by which they can be evaluated are defined: the number of created cycles – single cycles, double cycles; manufacturing material – textiles, plastic, metal; method of transportation – compactly folded into a case, not composed and not adapted to the elements of clothing or equipment. The main advantages and disadvantages of metal and disposable plastic and textile handcuffs are highlighted. Considerable attention is paid to the choice of material for the manufacture of plastic handcuffs for disposable use, for which different types of polymeric composite materials on their physical and mechanical properties are analyzed. According to the results of this analysis, it was concluded that the properties of composite materials are mainly determined by the technological and operational characteristics of polymeric matrices. Attention is focused on the advanced positions of polyethylene among other polymeric materials due to the successful combination of physical and mechanical properties, ease of processing and relatively low cost. Besides, this polymeric material is processed by all known methods of processing. Depending on the polymerization method, the properties of polyethylene vary considerably, and therefore polyethylene is of different types: high pressure and low density polyethylene, low pressure and high density polyethylene, medium pressure polyethylene, linear polyethylene. Based on the results of the study, it was suggested that disposable plastic handcuffs should be used by law enforcement officials to restrict the mobility of detained offenders under current legislation. The technical characteristics of the most functional, according to the authors, disposable plastic handcuffs are also proposed.