НАЦІОНАЛЬНІ ТА МІЖНАРОДНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ПРИТЯГНЕННЯ ВИННИХ ДО ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ЗА МІЖНАРОДНІ ЗЛОЧИНИ. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL MECHANISMS FOR BRINGING PERPETRATORS TO JUSTICE FOR INTERNATIONAL CRIMES
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Date
2022
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Abstract
На сьогодні не має конкретної відповіді на питання, як має виглядати трибунал для осіб причетних до збройної агресії проти України, – цей факт значно підвищує актуальність проблеми. Невідомо, яку модель матиме майбутній суд. Проаналізовано наукові джерела, присвячені проблемі, що зазначена у назві статті. У статті визначається, що порушуються норми національного та міжнародного права, вказується на інститути, які Україна вже використовує на національному та міжнародному рівнях. Зазначено, які моделі зараз обговорюються для застосування у майбутньому міжнародному трибуналі. Тhe paper notes that despite the devastating consequences of a large number of wars, humanity has not realized that the dispute can be resolved in another way. It is also pointed out that Russia violates the norms of international law. The main crime that will be discussed in the paper is the crime of aggression. The main problem revealed in the paper is the offense committed in connection with the events after February 24, 2022. The purpose of the scientific paper is to highlight the mechanisms that Ukraine can use to bring those responsible to justice for international crimes committed during Russia's military invasion of Ukraine. The main part presents the facts of the crime of aggression before the events of February 24, 2022 and after that date. It is established that in connection with the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into Ukraine, first, the norms of national law are violated (crimes against peace, security of mankind and international law, crimes against national security of Ukraine). Secondly, norms of international law are violated (in particular, norms of international humanitarian law). It is noted that Ukraine already uses both national and international institutions to record crimes. The facts are given that give grounds for considering the issue of genocide against the Ukrainian people by Russia. It is noted which norms of international law are violated: weapons are used against the civilian population, cultural monuments are destroyed. It is pointed out that the fate of many cities is unknown. The paper provides a definition of the crime of aggression. The paper also states that Ukraine is not a party to the Rome Statute. The problem of jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court is described. It is determined that the idea of creating an international military tribunal is supported by representatives of the leading countries. The conclusions briefly indicate the most important results of the paper.
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геноцид, агресія, відповідальність, злочин,, трибунал, війна, genocide, aggression, responsibility, crime, tribunal, war