РОЗВИТОК СВІТОВОГО ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОГО РИНКУ В УМОВАХ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19. DEVELOPMENT OF THE GLOBAL PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Abstract
У роботі розглянуто особливості розвитку світового фармацевтичного ринку в умовах пандемії COVID-19. Доведено, що зростання світового фармацевтичного ринку обумовлено насамперед такими трендами: розвиток сегменту біологічно активних добавок (БАД) та сегменту generic drug; епідеміологічними й економічними змінами; зростанням попиту на ліки, які ефективні проти захворювань, раніше характерних тільки для розвинених країн. Проаналізована динаміка витрат на охорону здоров’я за період 1995–2020 рр. за трьома групи країн: високим / середнім / низьким доходом на душу населення. За результатами статистичного аналізу зовнішньоторговельного балансу України за період 2016–2020 рр. доведено, що в структурі зовнішньоекономічних операцій імпорт фармацевтичної продукції істотно переважає експорт. Побудовано рейтинг лідерів на українському ринку фармацевтичної продукції за 2017–2019 рр. за трьома показниками: приросту продажів, Індекс еволюції, частки на ринку. The paper examines the peculiarities of development of the global pharmaceutical market under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been proved that pharmaceutics is currently one of the most dynamic and science-intensive sectors of economy in Ukraine and across the world with its development stipulated by a growing demand for pharmaceutical products and the increase in government expenditures for healthcare. The purpose of the presented work is the analysis of development of the global pharmaceutical market under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is established that the growth of the global pharmaceutical market is preconditioned primarily by the following trends: growth in the segment of biologically active additives (BAA) and the generic drug segment; epidemiological and economic changes; growth in demand for medication which is effective in the treatment of diseases previously typical only for the developed countries. An analysis has been conducted with regard to the dynamics of health-care costs over the period of 1995–2020 among three groups of countries: with high / medium / low per capita income. According to the results of the statistic analysis of the foreign trade balance of Ukraine in the period of 2016–2020 it was asserted that within the structure of foreign trade operations the importation of pharmaceutical products significantly exceeds its exportation. Contrary to the global market with its upward trend of growing consumption of medicines, Ukraine manifests fairly modest consumption, mainly stipulated by low purchasing power of the population. A ranking of the leading companies in the Ukrainian market of pharmaceutical products has been established with regard to three indicators: the growth of sales, the Evolution Index, the market share. The paper scrutinizes possible risks in the global pharmaceutical market in consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic: disruption of the global supply chain; deficit of medications for intensive care units and emergent of bottlenecks in their production distribution; decline in demand for prescription medicines. Among the local short-term risks for the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine are as follows: a relatively slow recovery of basic macroeconomic indicators; structure of household expenditures; increased fiscal pressure on manufacturers; unstable political and economic situation within the country.
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Keywords
фармацевтичний ринок, розвиток, COVID-19, ризик, Індекс еволюції, pharmaceutical market, development, COVID-19, risk, the Evolution Index
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