The article is devoted to the historical aspects of the study of the influence of psychological factors on the occurrence and the further dynamics of psychosomatic disorders and psychosomatic diseases. The views of scientists from different eras – from Ancient Greece to the 80-s today are lights. The features of the methodological approaches in Europe and the United States of America and the Russian Empire / Soviet Union are characterized. The basic personality types that contribute to certain psychosomatic disorders are submitted.